Topical gels are commonly used for topical application or to specific mucous membrane to achieve local effects, facilitate transdermal drug delivery, or provide emollient and protective properties.Incorporating drugs into gel matrices enables effective drug delivery, enhancing local action in analgesia and dermatological conditions. Nicotinamide has proven to be an effective anti- tan agent when topically applied.It reduces melanin transfer and production, thus preventing skin darkening caused by UV radiation.Additionally, nicotinamide offers other skin benefits such as improved barrier function and reduced inflammation, making it a promising component in skincare products.Kojic acid, a natural agent, inhibits tyrosinase activity and aids in reducing skin tanning. To develop topical hydrogel formulations, Hydrophilic polymers like triethanolamine(TEA) and Carbomer at different concentrations were employed.The formulations underwent evaluation tests encompassing visual appearance, pH, viscosity, spreadability, assay, and in vitro drug release studies using a USP V dissolution apparatus.Accelerated temperature(40 ± 20°C) and humidity conditions(75 ±5 % RH) were applied to assess formulation stability.Notable changes in the physicochemical properties of the formulations were not observed under these conditions.Based on in vitro evaluation studies, the gel formulation comprising 1 % w / v Triethanolamine and 0.5 % w / v Carbomer demonstrated suitability for topical application.These findings indicate the feasibility of formulating a topical gel containing kojic acid and nicotinamide hydrogel.

Everyone in today's culture and corporate environment is stressed out as a result of the increased competition. According to the definition of stress, it is "the force, pressure, or force exerted on a material, object, or person that resists these forces and attempts to sustain its unique state." Stress is the body's physical and emotional response to changes, circumstances, and events in a person's life. The harmful physical and emotional responses that arise when a worker's abilities, resources, or needs do not match the demands of the job are known as occupational stress. In addition to increasing life's difficulties, work stress negatively impacts security guards' health. Due to prolonged periods of time spent awake, security guards experience stress from an early level, which increases their mental tension. hence this study is based on job stress among private security guards in Raipur city.

In August 2019, Government of India passed a legislation that requires large companies to spend at least 2 percent of their profits every year on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). The High Level Committee of Public Accountability attached to Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs) in India as a result of their public ownership makes socially responsible reporting by Public Sector Undertakings particularly important. In this respect, every Public Sector Undertaking has a moral responsibility to play an active role in discharging the social obligations evolved on a welfare state subject to the financial health of the enterprise. Corporate Social Responsibility is about tradition and culture. Internal performance evaluation of employees could recognize community work. Community work can take many forms teaching in government schools, supporting Non-Government Organizations financially, empowering women, cleaning parks, planting trees, volunteering in orphanages, protecting the abused. The emergence of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has been critical for millions of people left below the poverty line. Innovative partnerships between governments, corporate, businesses and civil societies hold the potential to touch the lives of millions, leading to enhanced quality of living through better access to essential services. The Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities undertaken by PSUs include old age homes, computer training, access to library, AIDS prevention camps, leadership lectures, construction of sanitation block, solar energy based street lights, health center for regular health care, free medical dispensary, cataract surgery, community center, training on income generation vocations, go green policy and waste management. This study concentrates to study the opinion of employees’ on impact factors of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) practices in select public sector Oil Companies to the city of Nagpur. The public sector Oil Companies taken into consideration for the study includes Oil and Natural Gas Corporation, Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited, Indian Oil Corporation Limited, Nagpur Petroleum Corporation Limited and Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited. Random sampling procedure has been used in the study to select the sample respondents. Analysis of variance has been used to analyze the impact factors on Corporate Social Responsibility and suitable hypothesis are framed for this purpose. The information collected from the employees’ formed the basis for analysis and interpretation of data, to derive the findings and to arrive at conclusion.

Online shopping technically refers to the uses of electronic commerce in which the consumer purchases goods and services on a voluntary basis over the Internet. This study was carried out in the district of Raipur to know the level of consumer satisfaction with online purchases in order to analyze their level of satisfaction, problems during online purchases, factors that affect online purchases, their level of awareness and some recommendations to increase their level of satisfaction. Electronic commerce is essentially concerned with the exchange of information via the Internet. Today's consumers are very busy and want to save time and money that is why they use online shopping. This study will be very useful for the company to develop consumer satisfaction strategies and improve the sales of products and consumers, since they will obtain a product with much greater added value beyond which it will be of great help to understand the resolution of the consumer complaints against online shopping.

The Refrigerators and air conditioners based on vapour compression refrigeration cycle are one of the important elements of the society either for domestic or industrial purposes. it is essential in view of energy crisis to reduce the power consumed by these refrigerators. This paper presents a new dimension and or specification for monitoring the power consumed based on location and computation of irreversibility. COP of a reversible cycle is highest amongst all refrigerators operating between the same temperature limits, this characteristic of a reversible cycle is applied to an actual vapour compression refrigeration system setup. The result is that we can locate the component of the system which contributes most towards irreversibility and also, we can calculate the amount of irreversibility thereby knowing the extra power consumed by the component. If the amount of irreversibility is taken as a specification for either replacing or maintaining the system, we can save the extra power consumed. In view of energy crisis this becomes very important. This paper uses the Ist and IInd law thermodynamic analysis to locate and calculate the irreversibility in a vapour compression refrigeration system. The computations are made for an actual vapour compression refrigeration cycle setup considering up to 7 decimal places. The result gives the extra power required by compressor. The difference between actual power & Carnot power equals 1.1174206, which is equal to the product of irreversibility rate & ambient temperature. This analysis when applied to an actual system acts like a power saving mode, we have in a personal computer

The industry 5.0 era is in the near future and will impact the workplace and the working system. The workforce needs to be transformed to adapt the drastic changes expected in the industry 5.0 era to avoid skill gaps. The trends and requirements need to be identified well in advance to create a competent workforce to avoid disruptions. Employability of graduates will be a challenge if they are not transformed as per the industrial 5.0 requirements. The broad objective of the study is to examine whether management graduates process the required skills expected in the industry 5.0 era. Transforming the graduates industry ready by developing the required skills is the need of the hour as the new industrial era is expected to be in the year 2025(World Economic Forum 2020). The study relies on primary and secondary data, 20 Training and Placements officers were identified to gather primary data needed for the study. The study reveals that leadership skills, working with a team and formulation of strategy were top skills possessed by management graduates required by the industry 5.0. This identifies a significant gap in technical skills and problem solving skills among management graduates. Upskilling and reskilling is required to enable management graduates’ industry ready. Identifying the skills required in the new era and setting strategies to attain the same is of high importance, otherwise the employability of the graduates will be a challenge.

The growing popularity and awareness of the health advantages of organic food, particularly among young people, has increased demand significantly. The majority of population is confused about organic food and agricultural goods and lack knowledge about them. Few are typically aware of the relationship between organic food and human health, as well as the need of preserving future generations. The lack of acceptable appropriate quality evaluations and regulations is the most significant barrier that India has in its quest to become one of the world's major organic food producers. The scarcity of organic food goods is a serious issue for society's health-conscious youngsters. They mostly purchase organically cultivated fruits, vegetables, cereals, and herbs from branded retail outlets. Procuring healthier food, as well as an efficient marketing structure and the required backing from the government, as well as improving supply chain management and production planning, were shown to be successful in resolving concerns with organic food items. As a result, this research aims to provide a platform for assessing reasons and barriers influencing customers to purchase organic food products in Raipur city.

India has gone through a new revolution with the advent of digital sector in the business operations in India. Digitalization has opened up many opportunities for development in all the major sectors like transportation, medicine, sports and commerce. Today, in the modern era, many developing countries have established themselves in the world by adopting digital plans and have also achieved economic growth. Today, almost all the countries have seen digitalisation as a boon, although few people have criticized it, it has become a threat to the power of humanity, but in the race of development, digitalisation is facing us as a true truth.

Tourism is one of the largest service industry its true potential of the sector is not only revenue generation but also employment generation as tourism accounts of one of largest movement of people across the cultural boundaries of the world.it has multifunctional realm tourism is a socio-economic phenomenon ,cultural and the transformative power .Chhattisgarh in the heart of India covers all such aspects it can do a lot with its tourism potential this study has been carried for current position and future aspects for the state

Today a wide variety of investment vehicles exists including stocks, bonds, commodities, mutual funds, exchangetraded funds, options, futures, foreign exchange, gold, silver, retirement plans and real estate. Investment preference is related to the activities of individual investors regarding searching, evaluating, selecting and reviewing the investment products, if necessary, disposing such investment products and acquiring other investment products. A study of investment preference reveals how the individual investors allocate their savings to various available instruments. This process includes, why they invest, where they invest, how they get required information, what factors they use and who influences them and how they act after investment decisions are taken. The individual investors differ in terms of age, family circumstances, level of income, residence, insurance coverage, tax incidence etc. In this study, an attempt has been made to study the demographic profile of women teachers working in Government Higher Secondary Schools in Chhattisgarh and to identify the preference of women teachers in various investments alternatives such as gold, silver, bank deposits, post office savings scheme, LIC insurance schemes, chit funds, real estate, shares, mutual funds, government securities and precious objects. In addition, their sources of information for investments, decision maker in investments, annual investment and time horizon of investment are also taken in to consideration. The study results are purely based on the opinions of 200 teachers selected by employing random sampling method. The statistical tools such as frequency tables, Friedman test and chi-square test has been used. The information collected from the teachers’ formed the basis for analysis and interpretation of data, to derive the findings and to arrive at conclusion